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Presenter: Melissa, Hyde, Mt Gravatt, Australia
Authors: Melissa Hyde, Suzanne Chambers, Jason Siegel
A systematic review of family influence on consent decisions for deceased organ donation
Melissa Hyde1, Suzanne Chambers1, Jason Siegel2
1Behavioural Basis of Health, Griffith Health Institute, Griffith University, Mt Gravatt, Australia, 2School of Behavioral and Organizational Sciences, Claremont Graduate University, Claremont, CA, United States
Family typically have the final say as to whether their loved one’s organs are donated. However, the extent to which research has considered family influence on consent decisions for donation is unclear. A framework including family attitude, family norm, and family efficacy was developed to describe evidence of family influence on consent decisions in two contexts: 1) prior to a critical incident via a donor registry or family discussion, and 2) at the time of a loved one’s death. Evidence for family attitude, norm, and efficacy on consent decisions was described and compared across contexts. Medline and PsycINFO were searched for peer-reviewed articles published in English after 1st January 1970 and prior to 31st December 2012. Inclusion criteria were: individuals eligible to consent to donation via a donor register or family discussion, and/or family asked to consent to donate a loved one’s organs/tissue for transplantation from countries with opt-in consent systems; and focused on deceased donation for transplantation; and discussed family influence on consent decisions. 47 articles met all criteria and considered family influence on consent decisions for donation prior to a critical incident (n = 19) and for a deceased loved one (n = 28). Studies were mostly quantitative, cross-sectional, used convenience samples, conducted in the United States, and published from 2001 onwards. Although understudied and rarely the primary focus of studies reviewed, there was some evidence for family influence on consent decisions. However, evidence was indirect; more often reported family influence on decision-making at the time of loved one’s death; and was more consistent for family attitude and norms than efficacy. A future focus on family influence more broadly is needed including family attitudes towards communicating consent; the discrepancy between perceived and actual family reaction; and family capabilities (e.g. communication style).
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